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Primary and Coin Lithium Battery Primer

An attempt to explain the mysteries of the many non-rechargeable and coin cell lithium battery technologies from a designer's point of view.

Lithium Button Cells, Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Rechargeable Lithium Coin Cells   Cylindrical Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Primary Lithium Cells Primary Lithium Cells LiSOCl2 or Lithium Thionyl Chloride   Primary Lithium Sulfur Dioxide Li/SO2 Cells

CR series Primary Lithium MnO2 Coin Cells Primary Lithium Manganese Button Cells

Lithium Ion Rechargeable Coin Cells Rechargeable Lithium Ion Coin Cells

 

CR series Primary Lithium MnO2 Cylindrical Cells Primary Lithium Manganese Dioxide Cells

ER series Primary Lithium Thionyl Chloride Cells Primary Lithium Thionyl Cells

WR series Primary Lithum SO2 Cells Primary Lithium Sulfur Dioxide Cells


Primary lithium cells are not rechargeable. For this reason they don't have to put up with all the design constraints that rechargeable lithium cells do, meaning that they have more capacity, lower self-discharge rates, and often different voltages. Primary lithium batteries can operate over a wide extreme of temperature ranges, as low as -55°C and as high as +125°C (-67°F to +257°F).

Due to the organic liquids that need to be used for electrolytes primary lithium batteries typically have high internal impedance, limiting their maximum current to surprisingly low values.
Chemistry Density
Wh/liter
Nominal
Voltage
Maximum
Voltage
Minimum
Voltage
Capacity
Range
Operating
Temperature
Pulse
Current
Steady Current Service
Life
Storage
Life
Self Discharge Available
Packaging
Coin
Fluorinated Carbon (BR type) (CF)xLi
  3 V     48 - 1000 mAH -40 to 125°C 4-10 mA 0.03 mA     5 years Coin
BR1220 430 3 V 3V   35mAH     30 microamps        
BR2032 530 3 V 3V   190mAH     30 microamps        
BR3032 618 3 V 3V   500mAH     30 microamps        
Manganese Dioxide (CR type)
LiMnO2
650 3 V 2.8 2.7 25-1000
mAH
  5-15 mA 0.1-0.2
mA
      Coin
Manganese Dioxide (CR type)
LiMnO2
650 3 V 2.8 2.7 250-3000
mAH
-40 to 70 °C   20-200
mA
    Moderate Camera
Lithium Thionyl Chloride
Li/SOCl2
1420 3.6 V 3.5 3.3   -55°C to +85 C         Moderate  
Lithium Iron Sulfide
Li/FeS
370 1.5 V 1.4 1.2                
Vanadium Pentoxide (rechargable coin cells) 3 3.3 2.5 1.5-100 mAH     0.01-0.2
mA
      Coin
Lithium Sulfur Dioxide
LiSO2
440 3.0 2.9 2.7   -55°C to +70 C       10 years    
Manganese Dioxide (rechargable coin cells) 3     2.6-45
mAH
    0.01-0.1
mAH
      Coin
Niobium-
Titanium (rechargable coin cells)
2     4 mAH     0.01
mAH
      Coin
Lithium Iodine
LiI2
            microamps       Implantable
packages
Lithium-Iron 1.5 V                    
Lithium Silver Vanadium Oxide             500 to 2000 mA       Implantable packages
                     
                     


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  • Choosing a lithium battery
  • Lithium Battery Selection Guide
  • How to choose a lithium battery.
  • Lithium cells FAQ
  • Primary lithium battery primer
Thursday, 25-Apr-2024 17:36:45 EDT

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